Grammar A2 Compound Nouns

Compound nouns with verb + noun

Compound nouns with verb + noun

What Are Compound Nouns with Verb + Noun?

A compound noun is two or more words that together make one noun. One common type combines a verb and a noun. The verb comes first, and the noun comes second. For example, in the word 'toothbrush', the verb 'brush' comes first, and the noun 'tooth' comes second. These compound nouns are written as one word, and they describe an object or action that combines the meaning of both parts.

How Do Verb + Noun Compounds Work?

In these compounds, the verb usually describes what the object does or what you do with it. The noun tells you what the object is or what is affected. For example, 'haircut' = cut (verb) + hair (noun). A haircut is when you cut hair. 'Toothpaste' = paste (noun) + tooth (noun), but it functions the same way. Think about what the verb means and what the noun is, and you can understand the compound noun easily. Many of these words are very common in everyday English.

Common Verb + Noun Compounds

Some verb + noun compounds are very popular and useful. Words like 'toothbrush', 'haircut', 'eggplant', and 'playground' follow this pattern. You will see these words often in speaking and writing. Learning these compounds helps you understand new words more easily because you already know the verb and the noun separately.

Common Verb + Noun Compound Nouns List

Verb Noun Compound Word Meaning Example Sentence
break through breakthrough A significant discovery or achievement Scientists made a breakthrough in cancer research.
break down breakdown A failure or collapse; a summary of details The car had a breakdown on the highway.
break out breakout An escape; a sudden occurrence There was a breakout at the prison last night.
drive way driveway A private road leading to a house or garage He parked his car in the driveway.
pick pocket pickpocket A thief who steals from people's pockets A pickpocket stole her wallet on the subway.
cut back cutback A reduction in spending or services The company announced major cutbacks this year.
run way runway A strip for aircraft takeoff and landing; a fashion catwalk The plane landed on the runway safely.
run off runoff Water that flows off land; a deciding election Heavy rain caused runoff into the river.
run down rundown A summary; a dilapidated state Give me a quick rundown of the meeting.
turn over turnover Total revenue; rate of staff replacement The company's annual turnover exceeded $1 million.
turn out turnout The number of people attending an event Voter turnout was higher than expected.
set back setback A reversal or obstacle to progress Losing the contract was a major setback.
set up setup An arrangement or preparation; a trick The setup for the presentation took an hour.
sit down sit-down A formal meal or meeting taken while seated We had a sit-down dinner for the whole family.
hold up holdup A delay; an armed robbery There was a holdup at the bank on Main Street yesterday.
Formula
Formula
Verb + + Noun
toothbrush = brush + tooth

Examples

I need a new toothbrush for my bathroom.
I need a new toothbrush for my bathroom.
Daily routine · Household object
My haircut looks great after visiting the salon.
My haircut looks great after visiting the salon.
Personal care · Common activity
The children play in the playground after school.
The children play in the playground after school.
Places · Children's activity
I love eating eggplant in Italian dishes.
I love eating eggplant in Italian dishes.
Food · Vegetable
Can you help me with the housework this weekend?
Can you help me with the housework this weekend?
Chores · Everyday task
The fireplace keeps our living room warm in winter.
The fireplace keeps our living room warm in winter.
Home · Comfort
When to use it
Household Items
Many household objects use the verb + noun pattern. You use them every day.
"Pass me the toothpaste, please."
Places for Children
Common places where children go are often verb + noun compounds.
"Let's go to the playground this afternoon."
Chores & Work
Tasks around the house often have compound noun names.
"I do the housework every weekend."
Food & Cooking
Some food items are named using the verb + noun pattern.
"Would you like some eggplant for dinner?"
Signal words
verb + noun compound noun one word combined meaning describes what you do
Common Mistakes
Wrong
I use a brush for tooth every morning.
Correct
I use a toothbrush every morning.
Toothbrush is one compound noun, not two separate words.
Wrong
She has a very nice cut for hair.
Correct
She has a very nice haircut.
Haircut is written as one word, not separated.
Wrong
The children play in the play ground.
Correct
The children play in the playground.
Playground is one compound noun written as a single word.
Wrong
I need to buy a new paste for tooth.
Correct
I need to buy new toothpaste.
Toothpaste is a compound noun. Write it as one word.
KEY TAKEAWAYS

What to Remember

  • A compound noun is two or more words that function as one noun with a single meaning.
  • In verb + noun compounds, the verb always comes first and the noun comes second.
  • These compounds are typically written as one single word, not as separate words.
  • The verb describes what the object does or what you do with it.
  • The noun part tells you what thing or object is involved in the action.
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